Adolph e



(No Model.)

A@ E. G. LUBKE.

AM o0 o0 l Hw 1D.. e D.. d G Lb n 0 lTu RDI. 0 T O M G I R T G E L E .0. no. 9 2 9 2 0. N

UNiTEn STATES PATENT ADOLPII E. G.' LIBIIE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGXOR OF `XE-IILF TO OTTO IIEIKEL, OF JERSEY CITY, SEXY JERSEY.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 292,930, dated February 5, 1884.-.

Application tiled July 81,13?. (No model.)

'o @JZ whom it may concern: F designates a n'ire leading from a dynamo- Be it known that I, ADoLrn E. Ge. Iitnnn, electric machine,or other source ot' electricity, of N ew York, in the county and State ofXetv to a eontactpiece, d, on a switch-board, (I. York, have invented a new and useful Im- A wire, II, extends from the contact-piece (I 5 provement in Electric Motors, of which the to one end of the Wire ot' the magnet A. From following is a specification. the other end ot' the ivire of this magnet a Theimprovementrelatesto an eleetricmotor wire, I, extends to a contact-piece, c, on the comprising a rotary armature, iield electroswitch-board tr. From the contact-piece c a magnets provided with pole-pieces which are wire, J, extends to one end of the Wire of the 6o io arranged eccentrically to the armature, an magnet A. A Wire, Ii, extends from the other electric circuit, and a switch or switches, all end of the Wire of the magnet A to a pivoted being so combined and organized that by the metallic lever, L, on the switch-board G. AI operation of the switch or switches the coils wire, BI, leads from the brush Eto the lever L, ot' the iield electro-magnet may be partially and axvire, X, leads from the other brush, E`, to 65 15 or Wholly short-circuited out and reinstated. the dynamo-electric machine or other source ot' In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is electricity. \\hen the sn'itehlever L is a front vien' of an electric motor embodying turned, as shown in Figs. I and 2, so that it my improvement. Fig. 2 is a central vertical is out of contact with both contact-pieces d c, section ofthe same,tahen at right angles. Fig. the electric current passes from the dynamo- 7o 2o 3 is a diagram illustrative ot' a modification electric machine or other source along the of this motor, and Fig. 'itis a front view ot' an tvire F to the contact-piece d, thence along electric motor of modified form embodying the xvire H to the ivire ofthe magnet A, thence my improvement. along the ivire I to the contact-piece c, thence Similar letters of reference designate correalong the xvire .I to the ivire of the magnet 7 25 spending parts in all the tigures. A, thence along the Wire Ii to the switch- In Figs. I, 2, and 3, A A designate eldlever L. From the switch-lever L it passes magnets of the motor. They are providethat along the ivire )I to the brush E, thence to 'about the middle of their length, with arcthe plates ofthe eommutator E, thence tothe shaped polar extensions cc.Y The portions of nire ot' the armature I), thence back to the s@ 3o the cores of these magnets which are on ditt'erplates of the commutator, thence to the brush ent sides of the polar extensions c c are Wound E`, and, iinally,`i`rom the brush E2 bacl; to the with insulated n'ire,B B,in reverse directions, dynamo electric machine or other source. so as to polarize both portions similarly Where The resistance ot' all the wire ot' the magnets they meet-01, in other Words, at the middle A A is then in circuit, and the armature Will s' of the magnets, and reversely at the ends. rotate slowly, but will exert its maximum The Wires B B are so wound on the magnets power. The motor will he best adapted i'or A A that one magnetin this instance the certain work when thus used. Il` the switchmagnet A-ivill have its north pole at the lever L is turned to the contact-piece c, the middle, and the other-in this instance the electric current will pass from the dynamo- 9e Io magnet ILM-Will have its south pole in the electric machine or other source alongthewire middle. The polar extensions a c Will of F to theWcontact-piece d, thence along the course be one oi' north and the other of south Wire II to the wire' ot' the magnet A, thence polarity. The magnets A A are supported along the Wirel to the contact-piece c, thence by standards C, which may be erected on a along the ivire )I to the brush E, thence to .t5 base-piece of any suitable kind. the plates of the commutator E, thence to the D designates the armature ofthe motor. It coils of the armature l), thence back to the is of circular form, and provided with coilsof commutator -plates, thence to the brush El,

insulated Wire, '1), Whose ends are united and and, iinally, back along the vire X to the dyconnected by Wires c tvith the metal plates of name-electric machine or other source. The im 5o a eonunntator, E. This commutator is proivire of the magnet A. ivill then bc short-cirvided with the usual metallic brushes, E E. euited, and the armature will run more rapidly, but will exert less power than before. By turning the Vswitch-lever L upon the contact-piece d, the electric current will pass from the dynamoelectric machine or other source along the wire F to the contact-piece d, thence to the switch-lever L, thence along the wire M to the brush E, thence to the plates of the commntator, thence along the coils of the wire of the armature, thence back to the commutator-plates,'thence to the brush El, and thence along the wire N bacl; to the dynamo-electric machine or other source. rPhe wire of both magnets A A will thus be short-circuited, and the armature will rotate much more rapidly than before, although exerting still less power. rIhe employment o'f other switches will enable me to short-circuit portions of the wire of the magnets A A. I have illustrated such switches in Fig. 3. Vires O extend from the outer ends of the wire ofthe magnet A. Other wires, P, extend from between the ends of the two portions of the magnet, and branch wires Q extend from the wires P into proximity with each other. Similar wires, O, P', and Q', are applied to the wire of the magnet A. Plugs o o and p p are used in conjunction with these wires. It' the plugs 0 o are withdrawn and the plugs p p inserted, thc electric current will pass along the wires O O to the wires P P, and the portions of the wire of the magnets A A between the wires P P and P P. On the insertion of the plugs o o and withdrawal of the plugs p p the electric circuit will pass along the portions of the wires of the magnets A A between the wires O O and the wires P P', and along the wires Q Q and plugs 0 o. By making the portions of the wires B B which are on reverse sides of the wires P P of different lengths, it is obvious that l can vary the amount of wire through which the current passes by means of the said plugs o 0 p p. lf the plugs o o p p are all inserted, the current will pass along the wires O OP P Q Q.

The motor shown in Fig. 4: has no field-magnets. Its armature D is wound with coils of wire, provided with a commutator, E, and with metallic brushes E El. Vires F and N connect these brushes with a dynamo-electric machine or other source of electricity.

The cylindric shell S is made ofiron or other suitable material, and has metallic arcshaped extensions a a. Ih both examples of my invention, (shown in Figs. l., 2, and 4,) thearcshaped extensions a c are shown as slightly eccentric to the exterior of the armature D. Thus arranged they are more effective, and their effect is more concentrated thana it otherwise would be.

Upon reference to Fig. 2 it will be seen that the helices of the field-magnets are at the outer sides of the pole-plates a, and the helices of the armature are at the inner sides of such pole-plates. These helices are to be wound so as to promote magnetism in these poleplates a a', thus intensifying the actionbetween the magnetism of the pole-plates a a and the pole-pieces of the armature-ring that Aing the power of the motor.

intervene between the helices b, and increas- It will be found i'n practice that when the helices of the fieldmagnets and armature are wound in the proper direction the currents in the coils tend to promote the magnetism of the pole-pieces a and a; but these pole-plates (t a must not be ex- 'f tended the other side of the point of contact with the field-cores, because if they are the currents in the helices would exert a neutralizing inlluence upon the magnetism of the If a steam-engine is run rapidly with the steam at a low pressure, the same amount of power may be developed as by aslow-ruiming engine with the steam at high pressure.

One of the objects of this invention is to Y vary the speed of an electric motor and obtain the ultimate amount of work represented by the electro-motive force, either in the form of a rapid movement with less initial power, or a slower movement with greater initial power. If the motor, without' any current in the helices A A B B, or with the ring and polepieees a a', as in Fig. 4, is run with a given electro-motive force, it will move rapidly, because there will be a minimum of resistance to the electro-motive force in the field-magnets. If a current of the same electro-motive force is carried through the whole of the coils of the iieldhelices, Fig. l, the greatest force will be set up in the motor; but it will be at the expense of diminished speed, and so on for all intermediate conditions.

I have discovered that a given electro-motive force may be converted into its equivalent in mechanical energy at different speeds by varying the helices ot' the field-magnet that are in the electric circuit. The more the helices are short-circuited the less the resistance and the more rapid .the rotation of the armature. The less the helices are short-circuited the greater the resistanceand the greater the magnetism developed and the greater the power, butthe slower the speed-the law IOO IIO

governing thedevelopment of mechanical power from electro-motive force corresponding generally to the well-recognized law of IBO cal force required is rapid, the electric energy is translated directly into this more rapid mechanieal force, by short-eircuiting more or less of the eld-helices and allowing the motor to run more rapidly. It is to be borne in mind that more or less electric energy is expended in converting the cores of the iield-helices into magnets, and that forces are thus set up which react on the current and tend to lessen the rapidity of revolution of the armature and increase the mechanical force represented by such revolution of the armature, and the reverse when the magnetism of the held-helices is lessened. In this respect the reactionary force set up by the revolution of the armature in a magnetic motor may be compared to the current developed by the revolution of a si1nilar armature by mechanical force in a dynamoelectric machine. In my present invention the field-magnet coils and armaturehelices being in series, every diminution of the resistance of the field-magnet coils, by decreasing the general resistance ofthe circuit, sends an increase of current through the armature-coils,

and increases its magnetic strength and thel speed of rotation.

That I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The method herein specitied of varying the speed of magnetic motors, in which the magnet-coils and armature-helicesare connected in series by short-circuiting portions of the field-helices, to lessen the resistance and increase the speed of the armature, and lessen the power and the reverse, substantially as set forth.

2. In a magnetic motor.I four helices wound, substantially as speciiied, to produce central N and S poles, and pole-pieces connected to the cores, Yin combination with the revolving armature and the switches, substantially as specified, 'for cutting ont or short-circuiting the whole or portions of the held-helices, for the purposes set forth.

3. rI`he combination, with the revolving armature and field-magnets, of the pole-pieces a a at opposite sides of the armature, attached at one endto the field-magnet cores, and curved, and the outer ends nearest to the armature, substantially as specified.

el. In an electric motor, the combination ol' the field electrounagnets A A, the wires I" H I, the contact-piece e, the switch-lever L, the wire BI, armature D, ccmniutator and brushes E E El, and the wire X, substantially as specined.

5. In an electric motor, thc combination of' the field electro-magnets A A', the wire I1, and contact-piece d, the wires H and I, the contactpiece c, the wires J K BI, the switch-lever L, the armature I), the cominutator and brushes E E El, and the wire N, substantially as specified.

6. In an electric motor, the combination, with field electro-magnets, of the wires Q Q7 and switches whereby their adjacent ends may be united, substantially as specified.

7. In an electric motor, the combination. with iield electro-magnets, of the wires O O P Il and switches whereby the same may be connected, substantially as speciied.

The combination, in au electric motor, ol' a circular revolving armature, a surrounding frame, and the pole-pieces a a', that are inagnet-ized by induction, and which act with the pole-pieces ot' the armature, substantially as described.

A. l. G. LUISKE.

Il'itnesses:

IFRE'DK. I'Iarxns, ED. L. MORIN. 

